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Four Platforms That Are Shaping Asian Defense | 四个平台如何塑造亚洲防务的图像
June 17, 2021
Credit: Chen Chuanren/AW&ST
尽管多个亚洲国家的国防预算已具备增长的清力,但很多国家的政府仍在“少花钱多办事”的方式考虑问题,旨在通过其国内工业的独创性,在其范围内提供尽可能多的工业能力,寻求以采购或通过合作的方式开发新技术产品。这里有几个类似性质的新项目。
工业能力:韩国T-50
韩国航空工业(KAI)的T/FA-50“金鹰”多用途教练机可以说是亚洲航空工业中为数不多的成功案例之一。它最初是作为一种先进高级教练机制造的,此后凭借其战斗/攻击改型为一些国家的空军提供了可靠的作战能力,并在出口市场上取得了成功:该机已销售到伊拉克、菲律宾、泰国和印度尼西亚。
投资未来:波音ATS
Credit: Boeing
由于亚太地区的防空系统覆盖面积日益扩大且复杂程度越来越高,因此未来可能不只需要庞大的有人驾驶机队来满足国家防务的要求。认识到这一挑战之后,澳大利亚与波音公司合作开发了一种无人化的自主空中力量平台,以补充甚至最终取代该国一部分F/A-18F“超级大黄蜂”和F-35A战斗机机队。
这一项目更为人所知的名称是“忠诚僚机”计划,它最终将看到无人化的平台在各种任务场景中与有人机平台协同并自主作战。
低风险的创新方案:新加坡空中加油机计划
Credit: Ministry of Defense, Singapore
新加坡的空中加油经验和研发能力使其成为SMART MRTT(A330多用途加油机)项目的第一个、也是目前唯一的合作伙伴,该项目展示了被称为A3R的自主空中加油能力,以及计算机辅助故障排除等其他技术改进。A3R的发展为新加坡空军提供了高端的加油机技术信息。该方案被新加坡空军称为“战略推动者”,其MRTT的相互加油功能使该机只需一次经停即可向世界任何地方投送军力或为战斗机提供加油。
即使在疫情期间,新加波的MRTT加油机也于2021年4月实现了全面作战能力,自主空中加油项目也计划在年底前获得认证。
跨代的技术进步:中国歼10
Credit: Piotr Butowski
单发多用途战斗机歼10是中国空军(PLAAF)与西方的F-16竞争的主要平台。在2008年首次公开亮相后的十年间,歼10经过多次迭代升级和改进,以满足未来空中力量的需求。目前该机最新版本是歼10C,具有中国本土开发的AESA雷达和DSI进气道,以改善进气效率并降低RCS。
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澳大利亚在波音ATS的前三架原型机上投资了多少?中国空军机队的估计数量是多少?国际合作如何帮助泰国皇家空军的“鹰狮”战斗机在 2018 年的演习中达到高可靠性?点击此处阅读全文(英文)以了解更多信息。
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