新的客舱技术可能有助于恢复乘客信心

航空公司和飞机制造商担心，对病毒传播的恐惧可能会阻止旅行热情回升到盈利水平。

Carriers and aircraft manufacturers worry that the fear of virus propagation may prevent travel eagerness from growing back to profitable levels.

因此，估计行业参与者会尽其所能来增强乘客的信心。

Industry players can therefore be expected to do everything they can to boost passenger confidence.

实际上，民航当局采取的行动（例如EASA的乘客管理指南）已经设定了较高的预防标准。EASA的健康安全协议特别涉及在机场进行发热筛查和使用口罩。为机上现有的空调系统添加滤清装置，包括医院式过滤器，乘客的健康可以说得到了细心关照。

In fact, action taken by civil aviation authorities, such as EASA’s passenger management guidelines, already sets high prevention standards. EASA’s health safety protocol notably deals with thermal screening at the airport and the use of facial masks. Add the existing air conditioning systems onboard, which include hospital-type filters, and passenger health can arguably be seen as taken care of.

尽管如此，航空公司可能还是想向乘客展示，它正在付出额外的努力来保护他们。

Nevertheless, a carrier may want to show passengers it is going the extra mile to protect them.

Safran建议座椅可以安装透明隔断。Safran座椅战略与创新执行副总裁Quentin Munier表示，每扇“围栏策略（Ringfence）”的隔断都会给每位乘客留下半个扶手。

Safran suggests seats could be fitted with transparent partition walls. Each “Ringfence” wall would leave half an armrest to each passenger, says Quentin Munier, Safran Seats’ EVP for strategy and innovation.

轻巧的设计，可移动的隔断可以安装在乘客的头部上方。它们可以用一次性的，柔软的面料制成。也可以使用一次性的可拆卸的座椅罩。为了避免多只手接触同一物品，踏板可以控制座椅倾斜和托盘桌的位置。

A lighter design, removable partitions could be installed by passengers at head level. They could be made of single-use, flexible textile. Also single-use could be removable seat covers. To avoid multiple hand contacts with a single item, pedals could control seat recline and tray table position.

Munier说，在使用抗菌材料的地方，如扶手和托盘桌，二维码将使乘客能够查阅关于表面卫生特性的信息。

Where anti-microbial materials would be used, such as armrests and tray tables, QR codes would enable the passenger to gather information on the surface’s hygienic properties, Munier says.

“这些是构思，不是产品。我们已经研究了可行性，将根据客户的反馈，优先考虑开发工作。”

 “These are ideas, not products. We have studied feasibility and, depending on customer feedback, we will prioritize developments,” he says.

Acro Aircraft Seating正在探索与Addmaster的合作，后者是各种材料添加剂的供应商。其理念是将已经为伦敦公共交通服务五年的Biomaster抗微生物技术整合到飞机座椅扶手等部件中。

Acro Aircraft Seating is exploring a collaboration with Addmaster, a supplier of additives for various materials. The idea is to incorporate the Biomaster anti-microbial technology, which has been in service in London’s public transportation for five years, into aircraft seat parts such as armrests.

“Biomaster被证明能抑制微生物的生长，抑制率高达99.99%，而且已经被证明对纺织品和纸张等多孔表面的病毒具有高效的抑制作用。当微生物落在未经处理的纺织品或表面时，它们会繁殖。当它们落在抗菌保护织物或塑料的表面时，锁在表面的银离子会阻止微生物生长......细菌最终会死亡，”Acro工业设计主管Al Roots解释道。

 “Biomaster is proven to inhibit the growth of microbes by up to 99.99% and it has been proven to be highly effective against viruses on porous surfaces such as textiles and paper. When microbes land on an untreated textile or surface, they multiply. When they land on the surface of an antimicrobial protected fabric or plastic, the silver ions trapped in the surface prevent microbial growth ... and bacteria eventually die,” explains Al Roots, Acro’s head of industrial design.

银离子技术已经应用在Tapis公司的Promessa合成革上，Acro将这种合成革用于制造一些产品。

Silver-ion technology can already be found on Tapis Corporation’s Promessa synthetic leather, which Acro uses for some of its products.

在生产的任何阶段都可以添加Biomaster。Roots说：“如果在原材料阶段添加，它的性能最好，它将在产品的整个使用寿命期内都有效。”如果喷在纺织品上，它可以经受多达80次的冷洗。

Biomaster can be added at any stage of production. “It best performs if added at the raw material stage, it will last the life of the product,” says Roots. If sprayed on a textile, it can undergo up to 80 cool washes.

Roots强调，Biomaster应该被视为常规清洁的补充。

Biomaster should be seen as a complement for regular cleaning, Roots emphasizes.

目前还需要在两个方面进行测试：材料物理性能的保持和抗新冠肺炎病毒的有效性。

Tests have yet to be conducted in two domains–the retention of the materials’ physical properties and the effectiveness against the COVID-19 virus.

比如首先，该材料必须保持其易燃性和耐清洗剂的特性，否则需要重新认证。

First, the material has to keep its characteristics in flammability and resistance to cleaning agents, for instance, otherwise recertification would be required.

有效性问题更具挑战性。Roots说：“目前还没有一种商业化的方法可以对其进行检测。”但微生物学研究结果表明对诺如病毒和猫冠状病毒进行的试验将对新冠肺炎病毒有效，这令人鼓舞。

The effectiveness question is more challenging. “There is no commercially available method by which it could be tested,” Roots says. But microbiology studies are encouraging, suggesting that tests conducted against Norovirus and Feline Coronavirus will be valid for the Covid-19 virus.

Safran的Munier指出，该行业应该将此类试验标准化。

The industry ought to standardize such trials, notes Safran’s Munier.

另一个挑战是描述该产品，因为它可以对抗细菌和霉菌，因此可以被称为“抗微生物”。但是，美国法规不允许将其称为“抗病毒”，Roots说。

Another challenge is describing the product, which can be characterized as “anti-microbial,” as it acts against bacteria and mold. However, U.S. regulation will not allow to call it “anti-viral,” Roots says.

光照也有助于机舱卫生。Aveo Engineering是一家LED照明专家，正在推广使用可见紫外灯和紫外线灯进行消毒。

Light could help cabin hygiene, too. Aveo Engineering, a specialist in LED lighting, is promoting the use of visible violet and ultraviolet (UV) light for disinfection purposes.

“405纳米光是太阳光的消毒成分。紫光可以一直照射，并被普通的白光遮盖。”Aveo的质量和认证管理员Georg Hartl说：“我们使用这些灯作为厨房和盥洗室的照明，以保持这些区域的清洁。”

 “The 405 nanometer light is the disinfecting component of the sun light. A violet light can be run all the time and be masked by normal white light. We use these lights for galley and lavatory lights to keep those areas clean,” says Georg Hartl, Aveo’s quality and certification administrator.

然后，UV-C光（波长275纳米）用于强力消毒，但人们需要做好防护措施。可用于航班之间的消毒工作。

Then, UV-C light (at 275 nanometer of wavelength) is for intense disinfection but humans need to be protected. It can be used for disinfection between flights.

仿真专家Ansys指出，UV-C消毒只能在“视距”原则下进行。这意味着要消毒的表面不能被遮住，要直接接受光源照射。

Simulation specialist Ansys points out that UV-C disinfection works only under the “line of sight” principle. This means a surface, to be disinfected, must not be masked from the light source.

这些技术将以高性能通风系统作为基础。

These technologies will come on top of high-performance ventilation systems.

据空客公司工程部执行副总裁Jean Brice Dumont介绍，乘客呼吸的空气均匀地由飞机外部的新鲜空气和循环空气组成。循环空气流经所谓的高效微粒空气（HEPA）过滤器，而HEPA过滤器通常用于医疗环境。Dumont说：“它们至少能阻止99.9%的病毒和其他微生物。”

The air a passenger breathes is evenly composed of fresh air from outside the aircraft and recirculated air, according to Jean-Brice Dumont, Airbus’ EVP for engineering. Recirculated air flows through so-called high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters, which are otherwise used in medical environments. “They block at least 99.9% of viruses and other microbes,” Dumont says.

空气从顶部通风口流出，并在地面上被吸入。每排都有自己的通风口。实际上，空气垂直流动，而不是水平流动，限制了病毒传播的可能性。

The air flows from top vents and is sucked at floor level. Every row has its own vents. The fact the air flows vertically, as opposed to horizontally, limits the probability of virus dissemination.

Dumont说：“如果你打喷嚏，飞沫会被吸走，一分钟内，你周围就什么都没有了。”

 “If you sneeze, droplets will be sucked away and in one minute, there will be nothing left around you,” Dumont says.

Ansys的计算流体动力学模型以乘客戴着口罩打喷嚏为例。模型表明，很少液滴能通过口罩飞散出去，而且几乎无法接近任何其他乘客。

A computational fluid dynamics model by Ansys takes the example of a passenger wearing a mask and sneezing. It shows that few droplets make it through the mask and they hardly come close to any other passenger.

这条消息是Thierry Dubois在Aviation Daily发表的文章。《Aviation Daily》为关注商业航空的高管提供真知灼见。每天获取航空公司和机场策略、主要航空公司的数据快照、票价数据以及国际覆盖率。点击此处查看有关Aviation Daily更多消息。